COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SURFACE HEIGHT AND GRADIENT PARAMETERS IN TURNING OF 42CRMO4 AND X5CRNI18-10

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20998/2078-7405.2026.104.11

Keywords:

tangential turning, surface topography, roughness parameters, material comparison

Abstract

This study presents a comparative investigation of surface topography in turning of two engineering materials, 42CrMo4 alloy steel and X5CrNi18-10 austenitic stainless steel. A full factorial experimental design was applied to evaluate the effects of cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, and material type on selected areal surface roughness parameters. The analysis focused on Sq, Sp, Sv, and Sdq, representing surface height and gradient characteristics according to ISO 25178. The results show a strong dependence of surface topography on material properties. The 42CrMo4 steel exhibited significantly higher roughness and steeper surface features compared to the stainless steel under identical cutting conditions. Increasing cutting speed led to a consistent reduction in all evaluated parameters, while feed rate primarily influenced the amplitude-related characteristics. The Sdq parameter showed lower sensitivity to cutting conditions but highlighted clear differences in surface slopes between the materials. The findings demonstrate that the combined evaluation of height and gradient parameters provides an effective approach for characterizing machining-induced surface features and supports improved selection of cutting conditions.

Author Biography

Sztankovics István, University of Miskolc, Hungary

Associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Institute of Manufacturing Science, University of Miskolc, Department of Production Engineering, Miskolc - Egyetemváros, Hungary

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Published

2026-05-15

Issue

No. 104 (2026): Cutting and Tools in Technological Systems

Section

Mechanical processing of materials, the theory of cutting materials, mathematical and computer simulation of machining p

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